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BEST OF DOUG NOLAND
May 13, 2008
Wealth redistribution is an inherent
facet of Credit and Asset Bubbles. And I would argue that this
inequitable wealth-transfer gains momentum progressively throughout the
life of an inflationary boom. As such, various degrees of angst,
contempt, unrest and "blowback" are inevitable. I've had particular
disdain for Alan Greenspan warning us of the risks of trade frictions
and "protectionism." These are, after all, the predictable consequences
of a bursting U.S. Credit Bubble. It would now appear that spiking
prices, hording, and supply shocks (emerging most acutely in the Asian
inflationary "tinderbox") throughout the agricultural, energy, and
commodities markets have the potential for initiating a period of
problematic trade tensions, dislocations and acute geopolitical
uncertainty.
And it is not only government policymakers grappling with today's new
reality: the extreme uncertainty with regard to pricing and availability
of critical resources. Industries throughout the U.S. and global
economies now confront a fundamentally altered environment, where the
future prices and supply of scores of key inputs can no longer be taken
for granted. For many, the whole idea of "just in time" inventory
management has become a luxury no longer affordable. Moreover, recent
media accounts have illuminated the problems suffered by farmers and
grain elevator operators due to recent dislocations in commodities
derivative trading. Financial derivatives markets, having functioned
well in the commodities arena for the most part for years now, will now
play a destabilizing role in a new era of acute supply/demand imbalances
and disruptions.
In particular, one can expect today's unfolding dislocations in energy
trading to inflict bloody havoc on scores of businesses, industries and
derivative players alike. Many (i.e. the airlines) that have previously
been somewhat hedged against future energy price gains were more
recently left largely unprotected because of the perceived exorbitant
cost of hedging programs. And those derivative players on the wrong side
of runaway price gains are today scrambling to hedge exposures and
mitigate mounting losses. Importantly, whether it is in derivatives or
in contracts for the future delivery of actual resources, those in a
position to provide supply are today much less willing to lock
themselves into future commitments. Psychology has changed and changed
profoundly. The entire market landscape has been radically altered for
key commodities and resource markets, and the ramifications for general
inflationary trends are significant.
I am compelled to again contrast today's inflationary forces to other
recent bouts of acute pricing pressures. When emerging Credit Bubble
forces fueled the NASDAQ and technology Bubbles, inflationary effects
were largely isolated in technology stocks, high-yielding
telecom/tech-related junk bonds and leveraged loans, and a booming tech
industry. This Bubble incited huge increases in demand for technology
products, yet this demand was met by a massive increase in technology
production capacity. The incredible growth in semiconductor and
technology output was known as a "productivity miracle." It was,
however, industry idiosyncratic. The buyers of these relatively
inexpensive new products benefited, while fortunes were made (and many
then lost) in the Internet and technology stock Bubble.
The next Fed-instigated round of Credit and Asset Bubble Dynamics then
invaded mortgage and housing markets. Wall Street simply created
Trillions of new higher-yielding securities, while the homebuilding
industry constructed millions of new homes. Most American relished the
wealth effects from inflating home and stock prices. The economy enjoyed
a Credit-induced boom. Corporate cash-flows boomed, while government
receipts swelled. Similar to the technology Bubble, few felt or thought
they were suffering from the ill-effects of inflation.
I am this evening referring to A New Inflationary Epoch because today's
unfolding inflationary dynamics are Different in Kind. For one,
prevailing inflationary pressures are global in nature. Wall Street
finance is not the source fueling the boom, and it's running outside the
Fed's control. American asset inflation and resulting wealth effects are
minimal, while price effects for food, energy, and commodities are
extreme. In contrast to previous inflationary booms, while some selected
groups benefit, the vast majority of people today recognize they are
being hurt by rising prices. This pain comes concurrently with atypical
housing price declines. Today's price effects pummel already weakened
consumer sentiment, as opposed to previous effects that tended (through
asset inflation) to bolster confidence. Furthermore, current
inflationary forces are destabilizing and even destructive to many
businesses, while playing havoc with the fiscal standing of federal,
state and municipal governments.
Revolving around booming Wall Street finance, previous inflationary
booms naturally fueled surges in securities issuance and speculation.
These Bubble Effects worked as powerful magnets in attracting foreign
financial institutions, foreign-sourced speculators, and cheap
foreign-sourced borrowings (i.e. yen borrowings financing
higher-yielding U.S. securities) that all worked in concert to "recycle"
our Current Account Deficits ("Bubble dollars") directly back to our
securities markets.
In contrast, inflationary forces these days largely bypass U.S.
securities to play global energy, commodities, and hard assets. Foreign
financial institutions are fleeing the U.S. risk intermediation
business, while "Bubble dollars" are chiefly recycled back into Treasury
and agency securities (where they now have minimal effect on U.S. home
and asset prices). Meanwhile, the massive Global Pool of Speculative
Finance is today focused on energy, commodities and the "emerging"
economies.
Unlike tech stocks/junk bonds, and U.S. mortgages/houses, it is today
extremely difficult to meaningfully increase the supply of energy,
agricultural commodities, and many natural resources. Moreover, the
longer this boom is sustained the greater the demand for energy and
commodities from the likes of China, India, greater Asia and the Middle
East. And the higher prices rise, the greater the tendency for hoarding
and problematic supply disruptions - only aggravating supply/demand
imbalances and emboldening aggressive speculation. Wall Street can't fix
this demand imbalance.
Importantly, surging prices for vital necessities such as energy and
food by their nature elicit expanded Credit creation - albeit our
consumers using Credit cards at the gas pump; our Congress deficit
financing economic stimulus packages; our state and federal deficits
expanding to pay for generally rising costs; corporate America borrowing
to finance surging energy and other expenses; aggressive borrowing by
U.S. and global energy/commodities-related industries expanding
operations; by the alternative energy Bubble; by speculation-related
leveraging; by governments around the globe that will expand deficit
spending programs implemented in an effort to placate outraged
citizenry; and by OPEC, Brazil, Russia, Australia, Norway and other
economies directly prospering from the boom. Or, stated differently,
through various mechanisms, processes, dynamics, and rationalizations
there will be overriding tendencies to "monetize" today's inflationary
effects. And unlike previous inflation manifestations that tended to
remain largely contained within asset markets, today's virulent energy
and commodities inflation will spawn broad-based secondary price
effects. As recent trends corroborate, inflation begets only greater
inflation.
The reality that powerful inflationary psychology has taken hold - and
that the world's leading central banks show no inclination to confront
this worsening problem - motivates tonight's title, "A New Inflationary
Epoch."
Doug Noland is a market strategist at Prudent Bear Funds. Their
website is www.prudentbear.com.
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